Costantino Saccardino
Basic information
- Patronymic
- Other names
- Genre
- Male
- Place of origin
- Rome, Papal States
- Date of birth
- Attributed date of birth
- No
- Age at the time of execution
- Marital status
- Married
- Last occupation / Qualification
- Quack
- Previous occupations
Jester; Distiller
- Religious status
- Layperson
- Religious order
- Accusations
Proceedings
- Start date
- 1616
- End date
- 28 November 1622
- Courts involved
- Congregation of the Holy Office, Inquisition of Bologna, Inquisition of Venice
- Extradition
- No
- Other judges involved
- Francesco Maria Sinibaldi, vicar of the bishop of Bologna
- Notes
Start date refers to the first trial before the Inquisition of Venice
Sentence
- Court
- Congregation of the Holy Office
- Local judge
- Paolo Vicari da Garessio
- Sentence date
- 28 November 1622
- Sentence place
- Bologna, Papal States, San Petronio
- Crime category
- Formal heresy, Jews & judaisers, and Sacrilege & blasphemy
- List of crimes
He denied the divinity of Christ; believed that Jesus was born of adultery; adhered to Judaizing tendencies, preferring Jewish law over Christian doctrine; denied the Virgin Mary’s perpetual virginity; held that the Virgin Mary had other children after Jesus; denied the existence of angels; denied the existence of Hell; was an atheist; rejected the Pope’s authority over the salvation of souls and the efficacy of indulgences; denied the veneration of saints, as well as the legitimacy of their images and relics; considered the soul to be mortal; believed in the transmigration of souls; held the Holy Scriptures in contempt, regarding them as a useless book, and dismissed all Church Fathers as liars; maintained that human beings were akin to toads, generated from fertile earth with the aid of the sun’s rays; denied the presence of Christ in the Eucharist; rejected the notion of free will, attributing all events to fate; consumed meat and other forbidden foods on days of obligation, thereby rejecting the very notion of religious precepts; struck the image of the Crucifix; defiled sacred images.
- Reason for conviction
- Relapso
- Accessory penalties
Execution
- Execution date
- 29 November 1622
- Authority
- Tribunale Criminale del Torrone
- Execution place
- Bologna, Papal States, Piazza del Mercato
- Execution type
- Hanged and Burned
- In effigy
- No
- After death
- No
- Presence of doctors / surgeons
- Unknown
- Name of the doctors / surgeons
- Presence of comforters
- Yes
- Name of the comforters
- Arciconfraternita di Santa Maria della Morte
- Presence of rebels / riots
- No
- Sacraments imparted
- Yes
- Notes for execution
Sacraments imparted: confession, communion
Sources
- Letters
- Local inquisitorial trials and documents
- Decrees and acdf sources
- Legal opinions consultations
- Registers of the condemned
Bologna, Biblioteca Comunale dell’Archiginnasio di Bologna, ms. Gozzadini 10, catalogo dei condannati a
morte giustiziati in Bologna negli anni 1540-1791, f. 26r.- Other magistracies
Bologna, Archivio di Stato, Tribunale del Torrone, Giustiziati e condannati ai lavori forzati 1613 – 1674, Rubrica 1
Bologna, Archivio di Stato, Tribunale del Torrone, 5246, cc. 101r-104v
- Petitions
- Confraternities
- Medical treatises
- Polemical histories and martyrologies
- Theological and legal texts
- Collections of sermons
- Printed or manuscript notices and reports
- Chronicles
Astolfi Felice, Historia universale delle immagini miracolose della Gran Madre di Dio…, Venezia, Li Sessa, 1624;
Campeggi Ridolfo, Racconto de gli heretici iconomiasti giustiziati in Bologna…, Bologna, Pelegrino Golfarini, 1622.
Faleoni Celso, Memorie historiche della Chiesa Bolognese e suoi pastori, Bologna, Giacomo Monti, 1649
Maraviglioso et horribil caso occorso nella città di Bologna, di quattro scelerati, e sacrileghi heretici, ch’imbrattavano le sacre imagini dipinte per la detta città, scoperti per intercessione della Sacratissima Imagine del Santiss. Rosario, dove s’intende il processo di tutta la vita loro, et la sentenza, et giustitia esequita contro di loro li 28 novembre del 1623, composto per Al. Ghi. et dispensato per Domenico Barbieri di Bologna, in Parma, Cremona, Brescia, Verona et in Bologna per Nicolò Tebaldini 1623.
- Travel diaries
- Notarial acts and wills
- Expense registers and economic documents
- Memorial documents epitaphs etc
- Iconography
- Other
Bologna, Biblioteca Comunale dell’Archiginnasio di Bologna, ms. B. 1865, c. 335r; ms. B. 1866, nn. 56, 66, 68-86, 88, 90, 90bis, 92, 97.