Fanino Fanini
Basic information
- Patronymic
- Melchiorre
- Other names
- Genre
- Male
- Place of origin
- Faenza, Papal States
- Date of birth
- 1520
- Attributed date of birth
- Yes
- Age at the time of execution
- 30
- Marital status
- Married
- Last occupation / Qualification
- Baker
- Previous occupations
- Religious status
- Layperson
- Religious order
- Accusations
Proceedings
- Start date
- February 1547
- End date
- 25 September 1547
- Courts involved
- Inquisition of Ferrara, Inquisition of Romagna
- Extradition
- No
- Other judges involved
- A representative of the Dominicans, a representative of the Friars Minor, a representative of the Ferrara curia, three justice councilors of the ducal court of Ferrara
- Notes
Start date: arrest
End date: sentence
Sentence
- Court
- Inquisition of Ferrara
- Local judge
- Girolamo Papino
- Sentence date
- 25 September 1549
- Sentence place
- Ferrara, Duchy of Ferrara
- Crime category
- Formal heresy
- List of crimes
Heretical preaching: he taught that the Eucharist has no foundation in Scripture and that the Mass was an invention for profit; he denied that holy orders is a sacrament; he contested the usefulness of the intercessions of saints ; he promoted Lutheranism; he denied the validity of reciting the office and the rosary; he rejected the practice of fasting and the very foundations of cloistered life; he made blasphemous statements such as claiming that Saint Francis did not receive the stigmata from Christ but inflicted them upon himself with a small knife to deceive the world; he distributed and promoted many heterodox books
- Reason for conviction
- Relapso
- Accessory penalties
Execution
- Execution date
- 22 August 1550
- Authority
- Duke of Ferrara
- Execution place
- Ferrara, Duchy of Ferrara
- Execution type
- Hanged and burned
- In effigy
- No
- After death
- No
- Presence of doctors / surgeons
- No
- Name of the doctors / surgeons
- Presence of comforters
- No
- Name of the comforters
- Presence of rebels / riots
- No
- Sacraments imparted
- No
- Notes for execution
Sources
- Letters
On the jurisdictional conflict between the Papal States and the Duchy of Ferrara:
Alessandro Farnese to Bonifacio Ruggeri, Rome, 11 March 1549 (edited in Al Kalak, Eresie di confine, p. 308)
Alessandro Farnese to Bonifacio Ruggieri, Rome, 11 March 1549 (edited in Al Kalak, Eresie di confine, p. 298)
Girolamo Capodiferro to Ercole II of Este, Ravenna, 22 March 1549; Ravenna, March 31, 1549; Cesena, May 23, 1549 (edited in Al Kalak, Eresie di confine, pp. 307, 309, 311-312)
Ercole II of Este to Girolamo Capodiferro, Ferrara, 25 March 1549 (edited in Al Kalak, Eresie di confine, pp. 308-309)
Ercole II of Este to Bonifacio Ruggieri, Ferrara, 26 March 1549 (partially edited in Casadei, Fanino Fanini, pp. 177-178)
Bonifacio Ruggieri to Ercole II of Este, Rome, 6 April 1549 (edited in Al Kalak, Eresie di confine, pp. 310-311)
Letters of the inquisitor Girolamo Papino to Ercole II of Este: Bologna, 25 February 1549; Bologna, 8 March 1549; Bologna, 21 March 1549 (edited in Valenti, Il carteggio di P. Girolamo Papino, pp. 402-403, 406-407, 409-410)
Correspondence on the final phases of the trial and execution:
Ercole II of Este to Bonifacio Ruggieri, Ferrara, 25 September 1549 (edited in Casadei, Fanino Fanini, p. 180)
Ferrara, early April 1550 (partially edited in Casadei, Fanino Fanini, p. 184)
Ferrara, 29 April 1550 (edited in Fontana, Renata di Francia, vol. 2, p. 274)
14 May 1550 (partially edited in Casadei, Fanino Fanini, p. 185)
Bonifacio Ruggieri to Ercole II of Este, Rome, 12 October 1549 (edited in Casadei, Fanino Fanini, pp. 181-182); Rome, 30 October 1549 (partially edited in Casadei, Fanino Fanini, p. 182); Rome, 19 April 1549 (edited in Fontana, Renata di Francia, vol. 2, p. 274); Rome, 7 May (partially edited in Casadei, Fanino Fanini, p. 185)
Giulio Grandi to Ercole II of Este, 18 July 1550 (edited in Fontana, Renata di Francia, vol. 2, pp. 277-278)
Ercole II of Este to Giulio Grandi, 29 July 1550 (edited in Fontana, Renata di Francia, vol. 2, pp. 276-277)
On the execution:
Olimpia Morata to Lavinia Della Rovere, Schweinfurt, summer 1551 (edited in Morata, Opere, vol. 1, pp. 75-76)
Olimpia Morata to Celio Secondo Curione, Schweinfurt, 1 October 1551 (edited in Morata, Opere, vol. 1, pp. 76-79)
- Local inquisitorial trials and documents
- Decrees and acdf sources
- Legal opinions consultations
- Registers of the condemned
Ferrara, Biblioteca Ariostea, ms. Classe I, 404, Libro delli giustiziati, c. 30r (edito in Mazzi, «Gente a cui si fa notte innanzi sera», p. 145)
Ferrara, Archivio dei residui ecclesiastici presso la Curia arcivescovile, Confraternita di San Giovanni Battista, b. 87, Carcerati conforteria, p. 26
- Other magistracies
- Petitions
Camillo Orsini to the duke Ercole II of Este, Parma, 9 March 1549; Parma, 6 January 1550 (edited in Casadei, Fanino Fanini, pp. 198-199)
Alessandro Farnese to the duke Ercole II of Este, Roma, 11 marzo 1549 (edited in Casadei, Fanino Fanini, pp. 198-199)
Renée of France to the duke Ercole II of Este, 7 October 1549 (Modena, Archivio di Stato, Archivio Segreto Estense, Casa e Stato, 155)
Olimpia Morata to Lavinia Della Rovere, Kauffbeuren, August-September 1550 (edited in Morata, Opere, vol. 1, pp. 67-68)
- Confraternities
- Medical treatises
- Polemical histories and martyrologies
Negri Francesco, De Fanini faventini, ac Dominici Bassanensis morte, Qui nuper ob Christum in Italia Rom. Pon. Iussu impie occisi sunt, Brevis Historia, Poschiavo?, Landolfi?, 1550
Della Rovere Giulio, La vita et la mora di Fanino martire, in Id., Esortatione al martirio, Poschiavo, Landolfi, 1552, pp. 95-106, riedito in «La rivista cristiana», 8.1, 1880, pp. 3-10
Crespin Jean, Actiones et monimenta martyrum: eorvm qvi à Wicleffo et Hvsso ad nostram hanc aetatem in Germania, Gallia, Britannia, Flandria, Italia, & ipsa demùm Hispania, veritatem Euangelicam sanguine suo constanter obsignauerunt, Genevae, Joannes Crispinus, 1560, pp. 162-166
Théodore de Bèze, Icones id est Verae imagines virorum doctrina simul et pietate illustrium, quorum praecipuè ministerio partim bonarum literarum studia sunt restituita, Genevae, apud Ioannem Laonium, 1580, c. Hhii.
Dithmar Justus Christoph, Nolten Georg Ludwig, Diss. hist. de Olympiae Moratae vita, scriptis, fatis & virtutibus: in qua multa historiam renati in Italia tempore reformationis evangelii illustrantia adsperguntur, atque nonnulli errores illorum, qui hactenus de vita Olympiae commentati sunt, modeste emendantur, Francofurti, Typ. Sigismundi Gabriel Alex., 1731, pp. 37-39
Foxe John, Rerum in Ecclesia gestarum quae postremis et periculosis his temporibus evenerunt commentarii, vol. 2, Basileae, per Nicolaum Brylingerum, 1563, pp. 200-205
Gerdes Daniël, Specimen Italiae reformatae. Sive observata quaedam ad historiam renati in Italia tempore reformationis euangelii, una cum syllabo reformatorum Italorum, Lugduni, J. Le Maire – Corn. Van Hoogeveen, Jun., 1765, pp. 98-100
Maccrie Thomas, Istoria del progresso e dell’estinzione della riforma in Italia nel secolo sedicesimo, Parigi, Baudry, 1835, p. 258-260
- Theological and legal texts
- Collections of sermons
- Printed or manuscript notices and reports
- Chronicles
Faenza, Biblioteca Comunale Manfrediana, ms. 62, Marcello Valgimigli, Memorie Istoriche di Faenza, vol. XV, f. 58, pp. 1-11; Giunte, 375, 479, 539, 239;
Chronicle of Giovanni Maria Albini: Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, Vat. Lat. 12587, Croniche di Ferrara del Biondi e di altri autori, cc. (edited in Fontana, Renata di Francia, vol. 3, p. 186)
- Travel diaries
- Notarial acts and wills
- Expense registers and economic documents
On the dowry paid by Renée of France for Fanini’s daughter (27 August 1560): Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale de France, ms. fr. 3230, cc. 168-69 (edited in Franceschini, La corte di Renata, pp. 194, 208)
- Memorial documents epitaphs etc
Via Fanino Fanini, Faenza
Via Fanino Fanini, Ferrara
- Iconography
- Other
On the process: Information on a group of accused from Faenza (1547-1551): Archivio Apostolico Vaticano, Instrumenta Miscellanea, 5362, c. 2r
On the execution: Archivio Apostolico Vaticano, Iulii II brev. min. a. MDL, tom. II, n. 56, breve 492, 31 May 1550 (edited in Fontana, Renata di Francia, vol. 2, pp. 520-521)